Acne is a common skin condition caused by comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) and pus-filled spots (pustules).

It usually starts at puberty and can vary in severity from a few spots on the face, neck, back, and chest, which most adolescents will have at some time, to a more significant problem that may cause acne scarring and impact on self-confidence. For the majority, it tends to resolve by the late teens or early twenties, but it can persist for longer in some people.

Acne occurs when pores become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, debris and bacteria. The skin pores are actually openings of hair follicles which contain the sebaceous glands. These produce an oily substance called sebum, acting as a skin lubricant. When the sebaceous glands overproduce oil along and pores get clogged, acne develops.

The main risk factors for acne are hormonal changes or imbalances, medication and diet. Acne can also be hereditary and many of those who develop the condition have a family history of acne.